Child Psychology

mint syndrome , likewise commonly know as Trisomy 21 , is a contractable condition resulting in the presence on part or all of an superfluous 21st chromosome This is characterized by a grouping of both major and minor anomalies of affirm structure and function (Roizen Patterson , 2003 . Impairment of learning and physical heighten , as well as facial appearance is be energise in the majority of cases (Roizen Patterson , 2003Most cases of Down syndrome be not familial , but occur as random events during the formation of the berried electric cellular phones , both eggs and sperm . An break in cell persona call nondisjunction results in procreative cells with abnormal follow of chromosomes (National Library of medicament , 2006 . For instance , both an egg or sperm cell may cut back an extra retroflex of chromosome 21 . If this cell contributes to the singular s ancestral makeup , the soul will imbibe an extra duplicate of chromosome 21 in every cell in their dead body (National Library of medicate 2006 . An un change person shadow have a bun in the oven a rearrangement of transmittable strong between chromosome 21 and new(prenominal) chromosomes . This is called a match translocation . Even though , this individual shows no signs of Down syndrome , individuals who carry this type of balanced translocation be at a greater risk of having a Down syndrome babe (National Library of Medicine , 2006Individuals who carry Down Syndrome will have all or some of the following physical characteristics : sinew hypontia , oblique warmheartedness fissures that has a small skin flexion on the informal corner , flat nasal course , enlargement and sound projection of the tongue , relatively scam neck , white floating policy within the masthead , excessive flexibility within the joints , indwelling heart defects , and wizard fl! exion furrow of the fifth leaf (Wood , 2003 . Individuals with Down syndrome also have mental retardation in the mild to tick IQrange (50-70 35-50 .

However , individuals with mosaic Down Syndrome give the gate have IQ scores up to 30 points high (Wood , 2003The chromosomal abnormality is characterized by the presences of an extra copy of genetic material on the 21st chromosome . The effect due to the extra chromosome differs from individual to individual and by numerous factors , including genetic and environmental factors (Mitelman 1995Mosaic Down syndrome can occur when a nondisjuction during an early cell division in a normal embryo , which leads to carve up of the cells with Tris omy 21 . Mosaic Down Syndrome can also go along when the Down syndrome embryo undertakes nondisjunction and cells in embryo regress stern to the normal chromosomal arrangement (Leshin , 2000 . There is differentiate that Mosaic Down Syndrome can produce a lesser developmental delay than Trisomy 21 (Leshin , 2000Mosaic Down Syndrome is discovered unblemished genetic testing where 20-25 cells are examined . Due to the cells in Trisomy 21 are all infected , if only some are affected than the diagnosis of mosaicism is determined (Leshin , 2000 . If suspected and not corroborate through blood testing , a skin and dress up snapper test are commonly the next extraction in detection (Leshin , 2000A chromosomal mutation - centric uniting - can cause Down syndrome known as Robertsonian translocation . In...If you unavoidableness to limit a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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